Hysteroscopic and anatomopathological correspondence of polyps in patients undergoing polypectomy by hysteroscopy

Abstract

Introduction: The endometrial polyp (EP) is defined as a projection of the mucosa, resulting from focal hyperplasia of the endometrium. The risk of malignant transformation into endometrial adenocarcinoma is possible, and complementary evaluation with hysteroscopy and biopsy is recommended, the gold standard for defining a diagnosis of PE. Objective: To correlate hysteroscopic findings with anatomopathological findings in patients undergoing polypectomy. Method: Observational, analytical and cross-sectional study, carried out during a postgraduate course at a university hospital, in the city of Belo Horizonte, in women over 18 years old referred by the SUS for propaedeutic extension with hysteroscopy, containing a data collection phase, an-other for statistical analysis and followed by the interpretation of the collected data. Results: There were 579 patients treated at the Hysteroscopy service of the university hospital. Of these, 43.6% had polyps identified on ultrasound, while in 56.4% of them, this was an incidental finding during video hysteroscopy. Regarding polypectomy, 172 underwent the procedure and 70.9% underwent outpatient polypectomy while 26.7% were referred for polypectomy by surgical video hysteroscopy. Approximately 67.6% of polyps identified at hysteros-copy were confirmed by pathology and 5.3% secretory endometrium, 2.3% proliferative endometrium, 5.2% submucosal leiomyoma, 1.7% endometrial adenocarcinoma, 1.2% endocervical polyp, 4.7% endometrium within normal limits and 7% inconclusive. Conclusion: PE was the most common endometrial condition among study patients. The correlation between ultrasound, hysteroscopic and anatomopathological diagnosis demonstrated that outpatient hysteroscopy, when combined with endometrial biopsy, is an essential method for diagnosing PEs.