Evaluation Of The Prevalence Of Chronic Kidney Disease In Diabetic And/Or Hypertensive Patients Assisted At The Outpatient Of Faculty Of Medical Sciences Of Minas Gerais

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a worldwide public health problem, affecting 8-16% of the world's population and with rising prevalence. The diagnosis of CKD comprises assessment of albuminuria, serum creatinine levels and the calculation of the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR). Among the risk factors for the development of CKD, Systemic Arterial Hypertension (SAH) and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2) stand out. Therefore, evaluating people at risk, who are unaware of their kidney health, is vital to improve the prognosis and carry out referrals according to the recommendations of the Unified Health System (SUS). Objective: To determine the prevalence of CKD in individuals with hypertension and/or DM2. Methods: This is a descriptive, observational and cross-sectional study, carried out in an outpatient clinic of a medical school in Belo Horizonte. The renal function of hypertensive and diabetic patients was evaluated and classified, totaling 97 patients. Results: Of the participants, 48% had GFR G1 (> 90 ml/min/1.73m²), 27% G2 (60-89 ml/min/1.73m²), 13% G3a (45-59 ml/min/1 .73m²), 9.3% G3b (30-44 ml/min/1.73m²) and 2.1% G4 (15-29 ml/min/1.73m²). Conclusion: Of the total, 52% had a reduction in GFR and 2,1% a severe drop. The study is in line with previous research that indicates DM2 and hypertension as risk factors for CKD. Although limited by the sample size, the study highlights the need to assess kidney function in patients with chronic diseases. Additional studies may reveal more associations between common comorbidities and kidney disease, ultimately improving patient care.