Epidemiological analysis of the main diseases associated with patients with glomerulopathies diagnosed by biopsy in a university hospital in Minas Gerais

Abstract

Introduction: The kidney diseases most frequently diagnosed by biopsy are glomerulopathies. The epidemiological study of these diseases makes it possible to verify their distribution pattern in the population and their main etiologies, contributing to the decision on prevention and treatment strategies. Objective: To verify the diagnostic results of individuals who underwent renal biopsy in a university hospital in Belo Horizonte-MG, to evaluate the main associated comorbidities and outcomes. Method: This is an observational and cross-sectional study, with data obtained through the evaluation of the medical records of all patients who underwent renal biopsy in a university hospital between 2021 and 2022. Results: From the statistical analysis of the medical records of the 94 patients, a higher prevalence was observed in the results of Interstitial Fibrosis, Tubular Atrophy, and Focal and Segmental Glomerulosclerosis. The comorbidities that stood out as most prevalent
were hypertension and diabetes. The computation of the incidence in the CKDEPI staging showed a higher frequency mainly in Stages 4 and 5, which allows us to infer that most of the individuals in the research are in more advanced stages of chronic kidney disease. Conclusion: The results showed that most patients studied, with an average age of 43 years, are allocated to more advanced stages of chronic kidney disease, thus requiring more elaborate care for possible bone complications and anemia. Such research was considerable to clarify the profile of patients with glomerulopathies who underwent biopsy in a public hospital in Belo Horizonte and their possible associated comorbidities.