Determinants of the presence of chronic noncommunicable diseases and their correlation with health, daily activity, and social participation

Abstract

Introduction: The investigation of determinants related to the presence of Chronic Non- communicable Diseases (CNCD) contributes to the population’s rehabilitation and prevention process. Objectives: To investigate the determinants of the presence of CNCD and individuals’ perception of their health and level of activity and participation. Method: In this cross-sectional observational study, questions were asked about sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle habits, CNCD, and their characteristics, as well as their perceptions. Multiple linear regression and Pearson’s correlation coefficient were the statistical analyses used. Results: The prevalence of CNCD was 68% (n=411). The regression analysis showed that age alone was able to explain 24% (R²=0.24, p<0.001) of the presence of CNCD. When sex, physical activity, and smoking were added to the model, the percentage of explanation increased to 30% (R²=0.30, p<0.001). Significant correlations were found with the ability to carry out daily activities, social participation, life satisfaction, and perceived health (-0.16≤ρ≤-0.35; p<0.01). Conclusion: As observed, according to the determinant factors found for the presence of NCDs (age, sex, physical activity, and smoking), older women, sedentary lifestyles, and smoking are the characteristics that most explain the presence of CNCD in the population. In addition, individuals with CNCD are less able to carry out daily activities and have poorer social participation, life satisfaction, and perception of their health.