Nephropathies and kidney transplantation: a study on patients from the cardiovascular care lines of a university outpatient clinic in Minas Gerais

Abstract

Introduction: The cardiovascular care line represents continuous care that aims to meet the demands of patients with cardiovascular system diseases in a comprehensive and multidisciplinary way. It focuses on several comorbidities, for example, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and nephropathies. Objective: To analyze cardiological and nephrological data, relating them to patients aged between 18 and 91 years old. Methods: Cross-sectional epidemiological study carried out through the analysis of medical records obtained at a university outpatient clinic in Minas Gerais, of patients treated from January 2021 to June 2023. The research analyzed epidemiological, clinical, cardiological, and nephrological data. Patients from other lines of care were excluded, restricting the sample
to cardiovascular patients. The data were analyzed using the R program, and a descriptive analysis of continuous, categorical, and numerical variables was conducted. The study was approved by the CEP after evaluating the cardiovascular care line of the outpatient
clinic in question. Results: Data from 166 patients were analyzed. Samples were composed of 75 male and 95 female individuals, with an average age of 66 years. It was also observed that 50 patients were smokers and 42 were alcoholics, demonstrating a serious
cardiovascular and, consequently, nephrological risk factor. Additionally, 46 diagnoses of kidney disease are presented, and another variable evaluated was kidney transplantation, with 2 patients undergoing this surgery. Conclusion: Risk factors and cardiovascular diseases directly affect kidney health. Including specialized care in nephrology is essential to monitor patients with nephropathies and ensure effective intervention.